Significance and Challenges of Poultry Litter and Cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: A Review

Growing animal production results in a significant amount of waste, composed manure, bedding, feed, feathers, etc., whose safe and cost-effective disposal becomes troublesome challenge. The literature review points out that the higher heating value (HHV) animal-origin waste reaches 19 MJ/kg (dry basis), which positions it as promising renewable energy source. Various paths recovery were investigated literature, but thermal processes, particularly combustion co-combustion, indicated most effective from both technical environmental view. presented study reviews fuel characteristics, possible combustion-related challenges, ash routes popular waste: poultry litter cow (cattle) manure with slight sight on piggery (swine) manure. When considering feedstock fuel, usually only species is given (poultry, cattle, etc.). However, according to analyzed data, this not sufficient information. Several more factors crucially influence properties vital are: housing system, type farming style. Animal considered “difficult” nevertheless, does always cause problems. Some feature low chlorine concentrations high melting temperatures, makes them combustion-friendly.